简易振动台试验设备研制

为了完成多桩型复合地基抗液化性能振动台试验,利用实验室已有的反力墙和作动器,设计了一个小型的简易单向振动台系统和堆叠式剪切模型箱。堆叠式剪切模型箱内部尺寸为1200mm×800mm×772mm,由8层铝合金框架和7层橡胶条叠合而成。利用ANSYS有限元软件对模型箱及地基-模型箱进行了动力分析,并通过饱和粉细砂地基模型振动台试验验证了模型箱的效果。结果表明,所设计的模型箱能够较成功地模拟天然场地的边界条件,为多桩型复合地基抗液化性能振动台试验的顺利进行打下基础。     

主动隔振下固支薄板基础振动抑制的参数多目标优化

考虑动力设备-隔振器-薄板基础为复合主动隔振体系,并将薄板视为固支形式;以传递力作用在薄板基础上某点导纳为中间变量,在传递力、导纳、薄板振动峰值位移及峰值点距离影响因素分析的基础上,进行了系统耦联参数的多目标优化研究。优化算法采用较新的强度Pareto进化算法(SPEA2),该算法具有参数设置少、收敛速度快、寻优能力强及Pareto最优解分布均匀等优点。目标函数考虑为薄板振动的位移峰值及峰值点间的距离,目的是在有效控制薄板振动的同时,尽可能地使薄板趋于单峰值点振动,这对于板上附属操作设备及工作人员是有利的;最后,在最优参数的基础上对隔振器的安装位置进行讨论研究。数值计算结果表明,本文方法可有效地计算出隔振系统的最优参数,并为工业建筑及其他工程振动的最优隔振设计提供新思路。     

考虑侧面摩擦的侧限压缩模型的数值解法

海上箱筒型基础结构下沉到位后,舱内土体的受力变形可以看作是侧限压缩模型问题,上部荷载引起的侧壁摩擦力与土体应力之间的关系较为复杂。本文通过简化模型,列出了侧限压缩模型的平衡微分方程,分析了方程解析计算时存在的难点,结合摩擦应力边界条件的特点,构造函数迭代法对该方程进行数值求解,展示了计算的收敛过程,得到接触侧面上水平应力和土体表面位移的非线性分布规律,并将其结果与ABAQUS数值模拟结果进行了对比。结果表明,函数迭代法收敛速度较快,计算过程稳定,对其他存在变量耦合边界条件的微分方程数值求解有一定的参考价值。     

Damped vibration of a graphene sheet using a higher-order nonlocal strain-gradient Kirchhoff plate model

A higher-order nonlocal strain-gradient model is presented for the damped vibration analysis of single-layer graphene sheets (SLGSs) in hygrothermal environment. Based on Kirchhoff plate theory in conjunction with a higher-order (bi-Helmholtz) nonlocal strain gradient theory, the equations of motion are obtained using Hamilton's principle. The higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory has lower- and higher-order nonlocal parameters and a material characteristic parameter. The presented model can reasonably interpret the softening effects of the SLGS, and indicates a reasonably good match with the experimental flexural frequencies. Finally, the roles of viscous and structural damping coefficients, small-scale parameters, hygrothermal environment and elastic foundation on the vibrational responses of SLGSs are studied in detail.     

Surface and thermal effects on vibration of embedded alumina nanobeams based on novel Timoshenko beam model

This paper deals with the free vibration analysis of circular alumina （Al2O3） nanobeams in the presence of surface and thermal effects resting on a Pasternak foun- dation. The system of motion equations is derived using Hamilton＇s principle under the assumptions of the classical Timoshenko beam theory. The effects of the transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia are also considered within the framework of the mentioned theory. The separation of variables approach is employed to discretize the governing equa- tions which are then solved by an analytical method to obtain the natural frequencies of the alumina nanobeams. The results show that the surface effects lead to an increase in the natural frequency of nanobeams as compared with the classical Timoshenko beam model. In addition, for nanobeams with large diameters, the surface effects may increase the natural frequencies by increasing the thermal effects. Moreover, with regard to the Pasternak elastic foundation, the natural frequencies are increased slightly. The results of the present model are compared with the literature, showing that the present model can capture correctly the surface effects in thermal vibration of nanobeams.     

内撑式深基坑支护结构分析与方案选择

基坑内撑式支护具有经济、快捷和效率高等特点. 通过郑州市某雨水管道工程基坑支护的实践,介绍了内撑式支护结构在深基坑支护中的受力特点,结构分析与方案选择,为内撑式支护设计和施工提供了参考.     

SH波入射时半空间界面裂纹与圆形衬砌的相互作用

利用复变函数和Green函数法研究了双相介质半空间界面裂纹及界面附近圆形衬砌对SH 波的 散射与动应力集中问题。首先,采用映像思想构造满足自由边界条件的散射波表达式,进而求解所需的 Green函数;其次,采用裂纹切割技术构造裂纹,并根据连续性条件建立了求解该问题的无穷代数方程组; 最后,给出了不同入射波数时界面裂纹与衬砌的相互作用。结果表明,裂纹的存在显著放大了衬砌界面的动 应力集中。     

A PRECISE INTEGRATION APPROACH FOR THE DYNAMIC-STIFFNESS MATRIX OF STRIP FOOTINGS ON A LAYERED MEDIUM 1）

提出应用精细积分算法计算多层地基的动力刚度问题.精细积分是计算层状介质中波传播的高效而精确的数值方法.利用傅里叶积分变换将层状地基的波动方程转换为频率-波数域内的两点边值问题的常微分方程组,运用精细积分方法求解格林函数,最后再将得到的频率-波数域内地基表面的动力刚度矩阵转换到频率-空间域内,进而得到刚性条带基础频率域的动力柔度或刚度矩阵.所建议的精细积分算法,可以避免一般传递矩阵计算中的指数溢出问题,对各种情况有广泛的适应性,计算稳定,在高频段可以保障收敛性,并能达到较高的计算精度.     

基础动力分析的一种半解析、半数值方法

提出了一种基础动力分析的半解析、半数值计算方法．采用Lamb解及其相应的近似公式,建立了基础动反力和位移的关系式．从而可象静力问题那样将基础板分离出来,将板看作上部作用已知载荷,下部作用用挠度表示的地基反力,因此只需要对板进行有限元分析．采用这种方法分析了不同形状、 不同刚度、不同频率下的地基板的振动问题, 而且可以考虑基础埋深的影响．算例分析表明,提出的方法是一种计算简便、精度较高、适用范围广泛的有效数值方法．     

On simplified solutions of contact problems for elastic foundations

In the paper, a method of averaging displacements in a circular area lying in a linearly elastic transversally isotropic foundation is developed for the four modes of motion: vertical, horizontal, rocking and torsional. The corresponding formulae are constructed in a general form which does not depend on the kind of Green functions. For vertical and horizontal modes, uniform load distribution are applied and the simple integral mean is considered, whereas for rotational modes the load proportional to the distance from an axis of rotation is used, and angles of rotation for individual points are averaged with weight of the distance squared. Along with the case of equal radii of circles of loading and averaging, the case of different radii is studied, which allows one to consider contact problems for embedded axisymmetric foundations having the radius varying with depth. As examples the following contact problems are studied: static stiffness for a cone embedded in a homogeneous isotropic half-space in vertical motion, and dynamic stiffness for a disk on a layer resting on a homogeneous half-space for four modes of motion. Comparisons with the corresponding exact solutions are carried out.